Separation systems are used to process and separate useful raw materials from waste raw materials.

To remove the overburden or waste rock overlying an orebody in preparation for mining by open pit methods.

A facility where metal is separated by fusion from those impurities with which it may be chemically combined or physically mixed, such as in ore.

A large grooved wheel in the top of a headframe over which the hoisting rope passes.

Rock with a laminated structure formed from clay, mud, or silt. Composed of minerals essentially unaltered since deposition.

A control impulse from a control device or sensor.