Description

Diamond, self-possessed of carbon, is the hardest natural substance in the world. Each carbon atom is enclosed by four adjacent carbon atoms in a tetrahedral coordination that is the outcome of a covalent bond and a face-centered display in the cubic unit cell. Diamond is in the isometric precious stone system, which is being a sign of in the universally established as an octahedral or cubic crystal form

Diamonds are formed say about 100 miles down in the earth’s mantle at a very high temperatures and pressure. They come to the earth surface only when volcanic eruptions occur. When come to the surface of the earth they are like pieces of mantle rocks known as xenoliths. There are manufactured by mining the rock which comprises of xenoliths.

Physical Properties :

Diamond is one of the transparent crystal. It bonded carbon atoms that crystallizes into the diamond lattice which is a variation of the face centered cubic structure. Diamond is the hardest natural material known, where hardness is defined as resistance to scratching and is graded between softest (1) and hardest (10) using the Mohs scale of mineral hardness. Diamond has a hardness of 10 (hardest) on this scale. Diamond's hardness has been known since antiquity, and is the source of its name. Other specialized applications also exist or are being developed, including use as semiconductors: some blue diamonds are natural semiconductors, in contrast to most other diamonds, which are excellent electrical insulators. The conductivity and blue color originate from the boron impurity. Boron substitutes for carbon atoms in the diamond lattice, donating a hole into the valence ban.

When you buy a diamond ring, necklace, pendant, erring, or anything else the most important thing you must take into consideration is carat weight. Whenever you come across a diamond thing the first thing which you look upon is the stone embedded in it. Diamonds are sold based on the weight in units not based on the size of it.

The most common method used to measure a diamond is the 4C’s method which stands for CUT, CLARITY, CARAT, and COLOR.

• Diamond color: level to which a diamond is colorless.
• Diamond Clarity: occurrence of inclusion in a diamond
• Diamond Carat:Weight of a diamond.
• Diamond Cut: perspective and magnitude of a diamond

Natural Occurrence :

1. South Africa(49%)
2. Brazil.
3. Borneo.
4. India
5. Venezuela and Guyana.
6. Australia.
7. Congo.
8. Angola.
9. Guinea.
10. Sierra Leone.
11. Russia.

Available Colors :

Blue,steel gray, white,, yellow, orange, red, green, pink to purple, brown, and black. Colored diamonds contain structural defects that cause the coloration, The pure diamonds are perfectly transparent and colorless.