Gold

Gold :

Gold is a chemical component with the symbol Au that springs up from the Latin derivative aurum that means shining dawn and with the atomic number 79. It is an very sought-after valuable metal which, for many centuries, has been utilized as wealth; build up of value and in costume jewelry. The metal resembles as nuggets or grain like structures in rocks, subversive "veins" and in alluvial deposits. It is one of the currency metals.

Gold is solid, squashy, glossy and the most vulnerable and pliable of the known metals. 14k gold has a luminous yellow color by tradition considered gorgeous. Gold formed the foundation for the gold bars used before the fall down of the Bretton Woods system. It is explicitly against IMF norms to base any coinage aligned with gold bars for all IMF member states.

Chemically, gold charm is a tri-valent and uni-valent changeover metal. Gold does not act in response with the majority of chemicals, but is deteriorated by chlorine, fluorine, aqua regia and cyanide. Gold disbands in mercury, resulting amalgam alloys, but does not act in response with it. Gold is non-soluble in nitric acid, which will melt silver and other base metals, and this is the basis of the gold cleansing practice known as "inquartation and parting".

Gold

Gold is the most vulnerable and pliable metal; a single gram can be packed down into a pane of one square meter, or a bit into 300 square feet. Gold leaf can be flattened thin enough to be converted into semi-transparent. The transmitted luminosity appears greenish blue, for the reason that gold powerfully reflects yellow and red.

SEVERAL STEPS OF GOLD:

1. Prospecting: Prospecting involves searching for gold deposits in suitable areas. This can be done through aerial surveys, drilling, or other methods.

2. Exploration: Once a potential gold deposit has been identified, it is necessary to explore the area for any potential gold. This is done by drilling and analyzing the samples for gold content.

3. Mining: If enough gold is found within the area, it is necessary to begin the mining process. This process can involve open-pit or underground mining, depending on the location of the gold deposit.

4. Processing: Once the ore is mined, it must be processed to extract the gold. This is done by crushing the ore into small pieces and then separating the gold from the ore.

5. Refining: Finally, the gold must be refined to remove impurities and make it suitable for use. This is done by using a chemical process such as smelting.



HOW IS GOLD OBTAINED ?:

Gold is obtained through a variety of means. Historically, it was mined from alluvial deposits, such as stream beds or bodies of water where naturally occurring nuggets or flakes of gold were found. With advances in technology, gold can now be mined from hard rock deposits, which are veins of gold ore embedded in rocks and require blasting, crushing, and processing to extract tiny particles of gold. Gold can also be recovered from other sources, such as electronic waste, and from the ocean floor. Gold is also a byproduct of copper and silver mining. It is recovered from the ore by smelting, a process that involves heating the ore in a furnace with a chemical reducing agent such as charcoal or carbon. The gold is then separated from the other minerals in the ore by a process called amalgamation, in which a mercury-gold amalgam is formed. Finally, the gold is separated from the amalgam using a retort and collected.


GOLD EXTRACTING AND REFINING :

Gold extracting and refining involves multiple steps, including mining the ore, concentrating the gold, smelting the ore, and separating the gold from other metals.

  • Mining the Ore: Gold is usually found in ore, or rock deposits in the earth. In order to extract the gold from the ore, it must be mined from the ground. This requires heavy equipment, such as bulldozers, shovels, and draglines.

  • Concentrating the Gold: Once the gold has been mined, it must be concentrated. One way to concentrate gold is through gravity separation. This involves using water to separate the heavy gold particles from the lighter particles.

  • Smelting the Ore: Once the gold has been concentrated, it must be smelted. This process involves heating the ore to a high temperature in order to separate the gold from the other metals in the ore.

  • Separating the Gold: After the gold has been smelted, it must be separated from the other metals. This is done using a process called "electrolysis", where an electric current is used to separate the gold from the other metals.

  • Refining the Gold: Once the gold has been separated, it must be refined. This involves removing impurities from the gold, such as other metals, dirt, and dust. The gold is then melted down and poured into molds to form gold bars or coins.


USES OF GOLD :

1. Jewelry: Gold has been used in jewelry for centuries, and remains a popular choice for all kinds of jewelry items, from rings, necklaces and bracelets to earrings and more.

2. Investments: Gold has long been considered a safe-haven asset for investors, as it can help to protect against inflation and other economic issues.

3. Electronics: Gold is often used in the electronics industry due to its excellent electrical conductivity and resistance to corrosion.

4. Medicine: Gold has been used in medicine for centuries, and is still used today to treat certain medical conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis.

5. Currency: Gold has historically been used as a form of currency, and is still used in some countries today.

6. Dentistry: Gold is often used in dentistry, as it is strong and durable and can withstand the daily wear and tear of the mouth.

7. Industrial Uses: Gold is used in many industries, such as aerospace, automotive and energy, as it has excellent thermal and electrical conductivity.

8. Decorative Items: Gold is often used to make decorative items such as decorative plates, vases and sculptures.


ANNUAL GOLD USAGE :

Gold is one of the most precious metals known to mankind and is used for various purposes throughout the world. Historically, gold was used as currency, in jewelry and for ornamental purposes. In recent years, gold has grown in popularity as an investment and a store of value. Gold is used in a variety of industries, including electronics, aerospace and medical technology.

Annually, gold is used in a variety of ways. The majority of gold used on a yearly basis is used in jewelry and ornamentation. According to the World Gold Council, over 70% of global gold demand is related to jewelry, with India and China being the largest consumers.

Gold is also used in the electronics industry. Gold is used as a connector in the manufacturing of electronic devices, such as computers and smartphones. Gold is also used in the aerospace industry for wiring and connectors due to its high conductivity. Gold is also used in the medical industry for implants and devices.

Gold is also used as an investment vehicle. Investors often buy gold bullion, coins and other gold-based products such as exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and gold certificates. These products are seen as a safe-haven asset and a hedge against inflation.

Finally, gold is used in a variety of industries, such as dentistry and manufacturing. Gold is used in dentistry to create crowns and bridges, as well as other dental appliances. Gold is also used in manufacturing for plating and coating products, as well as in the production of certain chemicals.


GOLD PRODUCTION IN THE WORLD :

Gold production around the world varies greatly from country to country. According to US Geological Survey (USGS) Minerals Yearbook 2020, the top ten gold producing countries are China, Australia, Russia, United States and Canada.

China is the world's largest gold producer, producing an estimated 420 metric tons in 2020. This is more than double the amount of gold produced by Australia, which is the second-largest gold producer with an estimated 200 metric tons. The United States produced an estimated 214 metric tons, making it the third-largest gold producer.

Russia is the fourth-largest gold producer, producing an estimated 191 metric tons in 2020. Canada and Peru both produced an estimated 170 metric tons, followed by South Africa with an estimated 140 metric tons. Ghana, Mexico, and Indonesia are the world's sixth, seventh, and eighth largest gold producers, producing an estimated 130, 110, and 90 metric tons, respectively.

Overall, gold production around the world has been steadily increasing over the past few decades. In 2020, the global gold production was estimated to be just over 3,500 metric tons. This is a significant increase from 1990, when global gold production was estimated at around 2,300 metric tons.


Rank

Country/Region

Gold production
(metric tonnes)

----

 World

3,531

1

 China

420.4

2

 Australia

309.2

3

 Russia

292.6

4

 United States

200.2

5

 Canada

181.7